Reduced Range of MotionSymptoms & Treatment
Often related to joint, muscle or nerve issues. Assessment identifies the drivers and guides rehab.
What is reduced range of motion?
Movement limits can be due to pain, stiffness or weakness. A physiotherapist can help restore mobility safely through targeted exercise and manual techniques.
Who it affects and typical treatment
Who it affects
- People after injury or surgery with protective guarding
- Individuals with arthritis or long‑standing joint stiffness
- Neurological conditions impacting muscle tone or control
- Anyone deconditioned after illness or inactivity
Typical treatment plan
- Graded mobility and end‑range stretching
- Strengthening through available range, progressing to end‑range
- Manual techniques to support movement confidence
- Pacing, flare planning and return‑to‑task criteria
Common causes
Joint stiffness
Arthritis or capsular tightness limits end‑range movement.
Post‑surgery/immobilisation
Casting or protective guarding reduces motion temporarily.
Muscle/tendon tightness
Shortened tissue with pain or deconditioning.
Neurological causes
Spasticity or rigidity after stroke or Parkinson’s.
Common symptoms
- Difficulty reaching end‑range or feeling “blocked”
- Stiffness after rest that eases with gentle movement
- Pain at the limit of motion
- Functional limits with dressing, reaching or stairs
Related symptoms: Joint stiffness, Muscle weakness
How a physiotherapist can help
- Education on pacing, symptom interpretation and flare planning
- Joint mobilisation and movement confidence
- Progressive strengthening through full available range
Effective treatments
Exercise therapy
- Mobility drills and end‑range strengthening
- Criteria‑based return to functional tasks
Manual therapy (short‑term)
- Pain‑modulating techniques to support movement
- Joint mobilisation as indicated
Education & self‑management
- Load management and symptom‑based progression
- Home mobility plan and daily habits
Adjuncts
- Heat/ice for comfort
- Short‑term analgesics as advised
At‑home management
Mobility
- Gentle end‑range stretches
- Active range of motion little and often
- Breathing/relaxation to reduce guarding
Strength
- Light resistance through available range
- Isometrics at end‑range progressing to dynamics
- Task‑specific practice (reaching, stairs)
Habits
- Break up long periods of sitting
- Gradual exposure to previously avoided ranges
- Sleep and pain management strategies
What to expect in physiotherapy
Assessment
History and movement testing; identify joint vs soft‑tissue vs neurological factors.
Plan
Graded mobility and strengthening, symptom strategies, and progress criteria.
Progress
Reassess range, function and confidence; advance toward full activities.
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.