OsteoporosisBone Strength & Fracture Prevention
Learn what osteoporosis is, who is at risk, and how physiotherapy helps build bone strength, balance and confidence.
What is osteoporosis and how does physiotherapy help?
Osteoporosis means reduced bone density and quality, increasing the risk of fractures. It is common with ageing but also influenced by hormones, activity, nutrition and medications.
Physiotherapy supports safe activity, balance, posture and progressive strengthening to improve bone health and reduce falls risk. With the right plan, most people become more confident and active.
Care is coordinated with your GP and specialist team where needed. Exercise complements medical treatment (like bisphosphonates) and lifestyle changes to support bone strength.
Typical therapy focus
- Posture and spine‑safe movement strategies
- Balance and falls‑prevention training
- Progressive resistance and impact‑style loading as appropriate
Bone remodelling, briefly
- Bones respond to load—regular resistance improves density over time
- Adequate protein, calcium and vitamin D support the effect of training
Understanding osteoporosis
Risk factors
- Ageing and menopause
- Low body weight or prolonged inactivity
- Long‑term steroid use or certain medical conditions
Bone testing
A DEXA scan estimates bone mineral density and fracture risk. Results guide medication and exercise decisions alongside your goals.
Your physiotherapist integrates scan findings with strength, balance and function to build the safest, most effective plan.
Common contributing factors
Low activity
Limited weight‑bearing or resistance exercise.
Nutrition
Low calcium/vitamin D intake.
Medications
Long‑term steroids or certain therapies.
Falls risk
Poor balance, footwear or environment.
What are the signs and symptoms?
Common features
- Often no symptoms until a fracture occurs
- Loss of height or posture changes over time
- Bone pain after minor falls or lifting
- Sudden back pain can indicate vertebral compression—seek assessment
Related symptoms: Back pain, Balance problems, Walking difficulties
How can physiotherapy help?
We build bone‑friendly activity and confidence with a plan that fits your health, scan results and preferences.
Core components
- Education on spine safety and daily activity
- Progressive resistance training (2–3×/week)
- Balance and gait training to reduce falls
- Walking plan and confidence building
- Signposting to nutrition/medical support
Effective treatments
Exercise therapy
Resistance, balance and impact‑style loading.
Education
Daily movement strategies and posture.
Manual therapy
Adjunct as appropriate for comfort.
Lifestyle
Walking plan, footwear and environment.
What happens in a physiotherapy session?
Assessment reviews falls risk, mobility, strength and any spine symptoms. The plan is tailored, progressive and safe.
- Subjective: health history, scan results, goals
- Testing: balance, gait, strength and posture
- Education: safe movement and daily activity
- Plan: resistance + balance + walking programme
- Milestones: improved balance and leg strength; confident daily tasks
Can you manage osteoporosis at home?
Yes—most people benefit from a simple, regular routine combining resistance, balance and walking.
Weekly progression example
- Weeks 1–2: daily walks + light resistance + simple balance
- Weeks 3–6: increase resistance sets/reps; challenge balance safely
- Weeks 6+: maintain routine; consider supervised impact‑style loading
- Criteria: no new pain, steady function gains week‑to‑week
When should you seek help?
Urgent assessment
- New severe back pain after minor fall or lift
- Suspected fracture or significant deformity
Consult a physiotherapist if
- You want a safe, tailored exercise plan
- You have balance or confidence concerns
- You need guidance alongside medical treatment
FAQs
Is exercise safe with osteoporosis?
Yes—when tailored. Resistance, balance and impact‑style loading improve bone and function. Technique and progression matter.
Do I need a scan before starting?
Not always. If you have known osteoporosis or risk factors, a DEXA scan helps guide decisions but simple activities can begin safely.
What about calcium and vitamin D?
Nutrition supports bone health. Your GP or dietitian can advise on testing and supplementation if needed.
Can I do impact exercise?
Often yes—with guidance. Light impact may benefit bone but should be introduced gradually based on your history and confidence.
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.