Walking DifficultiesSymptoms & Treatment
Common causes include hip, knee, ankle or neurological issues. Physiotherapy can help assess and improve gait and strength.
Who it affects and typical treatment
Who it affects
- People after injury or surgery
- Individuals with arthritis or neurological conditions
- Those deconditioned after illness or inactivity
Typical treatment plan
- Gait strategy, graded strength and balance training
- Pacing education and assistive device guidance as needed
- Criteria‑based return to distances/terrains
What are walking difficulties?
Walking difficulty can be due to pain, balance issues or weakness. A physiotherapist can evaluate and guide targeted exercises and mobility strategies.
Common causes
Lower limb pain
Hip, knee or ankle pain limiting stride and push‑off.
Weakness/deconditioning
Reduced calf, quadriceps or gluteal strength.
Balance/vestibular
Unsteadiness or dizziness affects gait confidence.
Neurologic conditions
Post‑stroke, Parkinson’s disease, or peripheral neuropathy.
Common symptoms
- Shortened stride or asymmetric step pattern
- Pain or fatigue with longer distances
- Unsteadiness or fear of falling
- Difficulty with curbs, stairs or uneven ground
Related symptoms: Balance problems, Muscle weakness
How a physiotherapist can help
- Gait assessment, pacing and confidence building
- Targeted strengthening for calves, quads and glutes
- Balance and vestibular training if needed
Effective treatments
Exercise therapy
- Strength and endurance for walking tasks
- Task practice (curbs, stairs) with criteria‑based progressions
Manual therapy (short‑term)
- Pain‑modulating techniques to support movement
- Joint mobilisation as indicated
Education & self‑management
- Pacing, footwear and walking aids if needed
- Home program with progressive goals
Adjuncts
- Heat/ice as preferred
- Short‑term analgesics as advised
At‑home management
Mobility
- Gentle range of motion and flexibility
- Practice sit‑to‑stand and step‑through
- Balance drills (supported → unsupported)
Strength
- Calf raises, step‑ups and marching
- Gluteal and quadriceps activation
- Interval walking for endurance
Habits
- Pace distances; avoid big spikes
- Footwear and walking aid advice as needed
- Plan rest and recovery days
What to expect in physiotherapy
Assessment
Gait and balance assessment, strength screening, and movement analysis.
Plan
Personalised gait and strength plan, balance training, pacing strategy.
Progress
Advance distance and terrain; reassess goals and confidence frequently.
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.