SwellingSymptoms & Treatment
Fluid buildup that causes tissue enlargement. Physiotherapy provides lymphatic drainage, compression therapy and movement strategies for symptom relief.
What is swelling?
Swelling (oedema) is excess fluid buildup in tissues, commonly affecting legs, arms or face. It can indicate underlying medical issues or result from injury. A physiotherapist helps with drainage techniques and movement advice.
Who it affects and typical treatment
Who it affects
- People with heart, kidney or liver conditions
- After surgery or injury, especially limb procedures
- Those with lymphatic system problems or cancer treatment
- During pregnancy or with prolonged standing/sitting
Typical treatment plan
- Manual lymphatic drainage and gentle massage
- Compression therapy and bandaging techniques
- Specific exercises and movement strategies
- Self‑care education and skin protection advice
Common causes
Heart conditions
Heart failure reduces pumping, causing fluid retention.
Lymphatic problems
Blocked or damaged lymph vessels impair drainage.
Injury or surgery
Trauma and procedures can disrupt normal circulation.
Kidney/liver disease
Organs that regulate fluid balance are compromised.
Common symptoms
- Visible enlargement or puffiness in affected areas
- Skin that feels tight, stretched or indents when pressed
- Reduced range of motion or stiffness
- Heaviness, aching or discomfort in swollen areas
How a physiotherapist can help
- Manual lymphatic drainage to encourage fluid movement
- Compression therapy guidance and technique teaching
- Exercise prescription and skin care education
Effective treatments
Manual techniques
- Lymphatic drainage massage in specific sequences
- Gentle mobilization to encourage flow
Compression & exercise
- Compression garments, bandaging and pumping
- Elevation, gentle movement and muscle activation
At‑home management
Movement
- Gentle exercise and muscle pumping actions
- Elevation when resting; avoid prolonged sitting
Skin care
- Gentle cleansing, moisturizing and protection
- Monitor for skin changes or infection signs
Compression
- Use prescribed garments or bandages correctly
- Monitor fit and replace when needed
What to expect in physiotherapy
Assessment
Medical history, swelling pattern, skin condition and underlying causes reviewed.
Plan
Lymphatic drainage, compression fitting, exercise plan and self‑care education.
Progress
Monitor swelling reduction, skin health and function improvement over time.
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.