Knee PainSymptoms & Treatment
Understanding knee pain and how physiotherapy can help restore function and mobility.
What is knee pain?
Knee pain is discomfort in or around the knee joint that can result from injury, overuse, arthritis, or biomechanical issues. A physiotherapist provides comprehensive assessment and treatment to restore function and reduce pain.
Who it affects and typical treatment
Who it affects
- Athletes and active individuals with overuse injuries
- Adults over 50 with degenerative changes or arthritis
- People with previous knee injuries or surgery
- Anyone with biomechanical issues affecting knee alignment
Typical treatment plan
- Progressive strengthening of quadriceps and hip muscles
- Movement pattern correction and gait training
- Activity modification and load management
- Graduated return to sport or desired activities
Common causes
Osteoarthritis
Age-related joint wear causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, especially in weight-bearing activities
Sports Injuries
ACL tears, meniscus damage, or ligament strains from pivoting, landing, or direct impact during sports
Overuse Conditions
Patellar tendinitis, IT band syndrome, or runner's knee from repetitive stress and training errors
Biomechanical Issues
Poor alignment, muscle imbalances, or movement patterns leading to abnormal knee stress
Common symptoms
- Pain around kneecap or joint line
- Stiffness after periods of rest
- Swelling or warmth around the joint
- Pain worsening with stairs or squatting
- Clicking, popping, or grinding sounds
- Instability or "giving way" sensation
- Reduced range of motion
- Difficulty with walking or running
How a physiotherapist can help
Physiotherapists conduct comprehensive knee assessments including movement analysis, strength testing, and functional evaluation. They identify contributing factors such as muscle imbalances, movement patterns, and biomechanical issues that may be causing or perpetuating knee pain.
Treatment focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, restoring normal movement patterns, strengthening supporting muscles, and gradually returning to desired activities with reduced risk of re-injury.
Effective treatments
Strengthening Exercises
Progressive quadriceps, hamstring, and hip strengthening to improve knee stability and support
Manual Therapy
Joint mobilization, soft tissue massage, and trigger point release to improve mobility and reduce pain
Movement Re-education
Gait training, movement pattern correction, and biomechanical optimization to reduce knee stress
Activity Modification
Load management, activity pacing, and gradual progression back to sport or daily activities
At‑home management
While professional guidance is important for knee pain, several self-management strategies can support your recovery. These approaches work best when combined with physiotherapy treatment and professional advice.
Ice & Rest
Apply ice for 15-20 minutes after activity and rest when pain increases to manage inflammation
Gentle Movement
Low-impact activities like swimming or cycling to maintain mobility without aggravating symptoms
Activity Pacing
Gradually increase activity levels and avoid sudden increases in training intensity or duration
What to expect in physiotherapy
Your first session includes a detailed assessment of your knee pain, movement patterns, strength, and functional abilities. The physiotherapist will examine your knee joint, surrounding muscles, and analyze how you walk, squat, and perform daily activities.
Treatment sessions focus on hands-on therapy, progressive exercises, movement re-education, and activity modification. Your physiotherapist will monitor progress and adjust the program based on your response, ensuring safe and effective recovery.
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. If you're experiencing knee pain or related symptoms, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. The content provided is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any medical condition.